en زیست شناسی سلولی Cell Biology مقالات اصلی Original Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>Background:</em></strong> Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is a common condition that compromises motor and sensory&nbsp;functions. Peripheral nerves are known to have regenerative capability and the pineal hormone, melatonin,&nbsp;is known to aid nerve regeneration. However, the role of Schwann cells and the pathways involved remain&nbsp;unclear. Thus, the aim of this study is to identify the effects of melatonin on Schwann cell proliferation,&nbsp;dedifferentiation, and the involvement of nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NFĸB),&nbsp;focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase, Src pathways in this process.<br> <br> <strong><em>Methods:</em></strong> Schwann cells was treated with melatonin and its proliferation and dedifferentiation were&nbsp;identified using MTT assay and immunofluorescence staining for SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2&nbsp;(SOX2). Next, the protein expressions of NF-ĸB, FAK and Src pathways were identified by Western blot.<br> <br> <strong><em>Results:</em></strong> MTT results confirmed increased proliferation of Schwann cells with melatonin treatment, and it&nbsp;was highest at 10 &mu;M melatonin. Immunofluorescent staining revealed an increase in the green fluorescence&nbsp;staining for SOX2 in melatonin-treated cells, showing enhanced dedifferentiation. Western blot assay&nbsp;revealed melatonin increased phospho-NF-ĸB (PNF-ĸB), IKK-&alpha;, FAK (D2R2E), phospho-FAK (Tyr&nbsp;576/577 and Tyr 397) protein expressions as compared with control. However, Src (32G6), Lyn (C13F9),&nbsp;Fyn, Csk (C74C1) protein expressions were not increased as compared with control.<br> <br> <em><strong>Conclusions: </strong></em>Melatonin promotes Schwann cell proliferation and dedifferentiation via NF-ĸB, FAKdependent&nbsp;but Src-independent pathways.</div> Dedifferentiation, Melatonin, Peripheral nerve injury, Proliferation, Schwann cells. Introduction Peripheral 63 73 http://rbmb.net/browse.php?a_code=A-10-751-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Navishaa Govindasamy 100319475328460012335 100319475328460012335 No School of Medicine, International Medical University, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Kian Chung Chok 100319475328460012336 100319475328460012336 No School of Health Science, International Medical University, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Pei Ying Ng 100319475328460012337 100319475328460012337 No School of Postgraduate, International Medical University, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Rhun Yian Koh 100319475328460012338 100319475328460012338 No Division of Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Science, International Medical University. Soi Moi Chye chye_soimoi@imu.edu.my. 100319475328460012339 100319475328460012339 Yes Division of Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Science, International Medical University.