en بیوشیمی Biochemistry مقالات اصلی Original Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>Background:</em></strong> Combination of asthma and coal dust is a chronic and recurring airway disease related to&nbsp;inflammation cell activation. The Rhodomyrtus tomentosa flowering plants native to South Kalimantan&nbsp;exhibit a broad therapeutic potential, like anti-inflammatory and anti-remodelling properties. This study&nbsp;aims to analyze the effect of ethanol extract of R. tomentosa leaves (EERTL) nebulizer on the number of&nbsp;inflammatory cells and histomorphometry of lung tissue in a mice-like model of a combination of asthma&nbsp;and coal dust.<br> <br> <strong><em>Methods:</em></strong> The 24 BALB/c mice were divided into four treatment groups (n= 6 per group), were sensitized&nbsp;with normal saline (K), OVA + coal dust (P1), OVA + coal dust + salbutamol (P2), and OVA + coal dust +&nbsp;EERTL (P3). Eosinophil cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, epithelial thickness, smooth muscle, fibrosis&nbsp;subepithelial bronchioles, and the number of goblet cells as indicators of anti-inflammatory and antiremodelling&nbsp;airways.<br> <br> <strong><em>Results:</em></strong> The number of eosinophils, neutrophils, and lymphocytes cells are given salbutamol or EERTL&nbsp;was significantly lower than the OVA-sensitized and coal dust exposure group only. There are meaningful&nbsp;differences in the average thickness of the epithelium, smooth muscle, and subepithelial fibrosis of&nbsp;bronchiolus. The histopathology picture of goblet cells showed an increase in the number and size&nbsp;(hyperplasia) in OVA-sensitized and coal dust exposure compared to another group.<br> <br> <strong><em>Conclusions: </em></strong>It was concluded that the EERTL nebulizer could reduce inflammatory cells and&nbsp;remodelling process from bronchoalveolar lavage in the mice combination of asthma and coal dust&nbsp;models.</div> Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Remodelling, Asthma, Coal Dust, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa. 686 696 http://rbmb.net/browse.php?a_code=A-10-892-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Fujiati Fujiati 100319475328460012485 100319475328460012485 No Department Biochemistry and Biomolecular, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Haryati Haryati haryati@ulm.ac.id. 100319475328460012486 100319475328460012486 Yes Department Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia