en میکروب شناسی Microbiology مقالات اصلی Original Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>Background:</strong></em> Escherichia coli (E. coli) remains one of the leading agents of urinary tract infection&nbsp;(UTIs), it has become resistant to many drugs. Current work aimed to evaluate some chemical&nbsp;substances as antibacterial agents and molecular study of virulence factors associated with UTIs.<br> <br> <strong><em>Methods: </em></strong>This work involved 133 urine specimens obtained from females&rsquo; patients suffering from&nbsp;UTIs, Methods of well diffusion and disk diffusion were achieved to assay the effect of some&nbsp;chemical substances and antibiogram profiles toward Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SXT)-resistant E. coli&nbsp;respectively. Virulence genes were done based on the technique of Polymerase Chain&nbsp;Reaction (PCR).<br> <br> <strong><em>Results:</em></strong> The results recorded 49/133 (36.84%) E. coli among women suffering UTIs, 28/49 (57.14%)&nbsp;were resistant to SXT drug. imipenem, meropenem, and nitrofurantoin were recorded more&nbsp;effectively. Chemicals substances at the concentration 0.3 (g/ml) recorded percentages of inhibition,&nbsp;reaching 9.143&plusmn;1.442, 15.36&plusmn;0.5914, and 21.82&plusmn;0.8699 for NaHCO3, Ch4c, and Viroxide Super&trade;&nbsp;respectively. PCR demonstrated that 28/28 (100%) of SXT-resistant E. coli isolates were harbored&nbsp;Sul-2, FeoB and PapC genes, while 14/28 (50%), 15/28 (53.57%), 19/28 (67.85%) and 26/28&nbsp;(92.85%) in U250 (pet), FumC, Sul-1 and IutA genes, respectively. Sul-3 gene was not observed.<br> <br> <strong><em>Conclusions: </em></strong>Observed a high percentage of E. coli that were resistant to SXT drug, and having&nbsp;several virulence genes, poses a real threat, it requires a real pause to create substitutions to limit the&nbsp;spreading of this threat.</div> Chemical substance, PCR, SXT-resistant E. coli, UTIs. 166 175 http://rbmb.net/browse.php?a_code=A-10-966-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Ruaa Ali Muhammed Ali 100319475328460012377 100319475328460012377 No The Gifted Students’ School in Najaf, Ministry of Education, Iraq. Jamal Mohammed Ridha Alshara 100319475328460012378 100319475328460012378 No Faculty of Dentistry, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq. Nabil Salim Saaid Tuwaij nabeel.tuwaij@uokufa.edu.iq. 100319475328460012379 100319475328460012379 Yes Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq. Huda Jameel Baker Al-khilkhali 100319475328460012380 100319475328460012380 No Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq.