en ایمنی شناسی Immunology مقالات اصلی Original Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background:</strong> Infectious diseases such as ventilator- associated pneumonia (VAP) are one of the serious problems in intensive care units (ICU) of hospitals. To date, there has been no appropriate clinical and diagnostic marker for early detection of this disease. In this study, expression of PIK₃R₃ and ATp₂A₁ genes in patients with VAP were assessed to be used as biomarkers to identify and confirm the disease.<br> <strong>Methods:</strong> This study was conducted by using peripheral blood samples of 60 individuals, including 30 patients with VAP and 30 healthy volunteers. First, the peripheral blood samples were taken and then RNA was extracted and converted into cDNA. Finally, the assessment of genes was performed by Real-time PCR.<br> <strong>Results:</strong> In peripheral blood samples, 46.6% and 30% were positive for PIK3R3 expression in patients and healthy groups, respectively. The ATp2A1 expression in patients and healthy controls were found 40% and 23.3%, respectively. Comparing the &Delta;CT obtained for the PIK3R3 and ATp₂A₁ genes showed statistically significant differences between the two groups of patients and healthy subjects (p=0.042, p=0.036).<br> <strong>Conclusions:</strong> ATp₂A₁ and PIK3R3 may be used as biomarkers for early detection of VAP disease. However, further studies are required.</div> ATp₂A₁ gene, PIK₃R₃ gene, Ventilator- associated pneumonia (VAP). 118 124 http://rbmb.net/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-86&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Hamidreza Jamaati 10031947532846002863 10031947532846002863 No Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Naghmeh Bahrami 10031947532846002864 10031947532846002864 No Craniomaxillofacial Research center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mahya Daustany 10031947532846002865 10031947532846002865 No Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Payam Tabarsi 10031947532846002866 10031947532846002866 No Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Behrooz Farzanegan 10031947532846002867 10031947532846002867 No Tracheal Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Seyed Mohammadreza Hashemian 10031947532846002868 10031947532846002868 No Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Abdolreza Mohamadnia mohamadnia.ar@gmail.com 10031947532846002869 10031947532846002869 Yes Virology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran