en زیست شناسی ملکولی Molecular Biology مقالات اصلی Original Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>Background:</em></strong> One of the major challenges in gene therapy is producing gene carriers that possess high transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity (1). To achieve this purpose, crystal nanocellulose (CNC) -based nanoparticles grafted with polyethylenimine (PEI) have been developed as an alternative to traditional viral vectors to eliminate potential toxicity and immunogenicity.<br> <br> <strong><em>Methods:</em></strong> In this study, CNC-PEI10kDa (CNCP) nanoparticles were synthetized and their transfection efficiency was evaluated and compared with linear cationic PEI10kDa (PEI) polymer in HEK293T (HEK) cells. Synthetized nanoparticles were characterized with AFM, FTIR, DLS, and gel retardation assays. <em>In-vitro</em> gene delivery efficiency by nano-complexes and their effects on cell viability were determined with fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry.<br> <br> <strong><em>Results:</em></strong> Prepared CNC was oxidized with sodium periodate and its surface cationized with linear PEI. The new CNCP nano-complex showed different transfection efficiencies at different nanoparticle/plasmid ratios, which were greater than those of PEI polymer. CNPC and Lipofectamine were similar in their transfection efficiencies and effect on cell viability after transfection.<br> <br> <strong><em>Conclusions:</em></strong> CNCP nanoparticles are appropriate candidates for gene delivery. This result highlights CNC as an attractive biomaterial and demonstrates how its different cationized forms may be applied in designing gene delivery systems.</div> Crystal Nanocellulose, Gene transfection, Nanoparticle, Nano-complex. 297 308 http://rbmb.net/browse.php?a_code=A-10-347-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Haghighat Vakilian 100319475328460017667 100319475328460017667 No Nano biotechnology Department, Faculty of Bioscience, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. Eduardo Andres Rojas 100319475328460017668 100319475328460017668 No Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. Lida Habibi Rezaei 100319475328460017669 100319475328460017669 No Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. Mehrdad Behmanesh behmanesh@modares.ac.ir. 100319475328460017670 100319475328460017670 Yes Nano biotechnology Department, Faculty of Bioscience, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran & Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.